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INDIANS,
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WHO ARE WE?
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(A HISTORY OF 2000 YEARS)
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FOR GEN NEXT
BY RANJIT CHITALE
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Thousands of visitors throng Qutubminar every day. Many of
them read the epitaph and come to know that it was built by Qutubshah and
admire the magnificence of it. Yes it was built by Qutubshah, but the story
doesn’t end there, in fact it starts from there. The down fall of Hindu Kingdom
started around this time.
A
thought came to my mind, that how many of us look back and read our real
history. We are always fed on the British written history, which very cunningly
gives all those periods which make us feel that we were always ruled. First by
Alexander, then by Muslims and then by Britishers. When we talk about our
history we are always apologetic about it. To start with this history was fed
to our four five generations and its continuity was ensured from then on.
A permanent damage has been done. Now we know that we are
born to get ruled. Only subjugation. Ask
any one in the age group of 20 - 30 about what they know about Alexander the
great (?) Why was he great or was he, If we see from our perspective. Ask Gen
Next who was Chandragupta, Chanakya and Bindusar (probably they may have heard
the names of Chadragupta and Chanakya but not of Bindusar) and what was their most
important contribution. Why should we read History from ‘their’ perspective?
Here are some salient points in our History.
1. Alexander
may have been a great warrior but in Bharat he crossed Sindhu and could go till
Beas River, not ahead.
2. Upto
1400 AD South India was free.
3.
Till 1100 AD Mughals/ Turqs/ Muslims could not
conquer Bharat.
4. From
600 AD to 1000 AD Bharat was almost unified without any invasion.
5. During
Chandragupta Mourya and Vikramaditya around 150 to 200 yrs Bharat was free and
progressing. The most important contribution of Chandragupta and Chanakya duo
was to unite Bharat into one nation. Same goes to Vikramaditya, Maratha empire.
6. From 1650
to 1760 Most of Maharashtra and later upto Atak India became Hindu-PatPatshahi
under Maratha empire.
7. We have
finished only 60+ yrs after independence. Still a lot to go in a Nations life!
Although we have lost some land, we have lost Hindu nation to secular one, but we
are still progressing.
8. With so
many invasions many important nations (Greece, Roman, Bactria and many others
lost their nationhood but India is still alive.
9. Many
nations still exists without the original identity like many central Asian
nations and Egypt etc are there but not turned into Muslim countries.
10. We are still
alive and ticking, though in the long march towards existence we have lost
Hinduhood and became secular that is alright we are still progressing.
11. Whenever
nations allowed our religion to be changed, change of nationhood happened.
12. The terms
like ahimsa are good for personal spiritual enhancement, but not for a nations
upliftment! For a nation, PATRAPATRA VIVEK (पात्रापात्र विवेक), देशेकालेपात्रेच
has to be applied. Otherwise nation becomes weak.
13. We ourselves
made bounds for our religion, because of which our progress, openness, and our
religion suffered a lot. They are
(a) Caste system and
not to have relations with other castes.
(b) Not
to wed daughters outside the castes.
(c) Not
to cross Sindhu river, means we cannot wage war going out of our land.
(d) No
reconversions were allowed so we lost our numbers!
(e) Not
to kill the enemy when he has surrendered - Ahimsa (A bane from Budhist
religion).
(f) In
war fight with an equal.
(g) Crossing
of Arabian and Bay of Bengal was considered not an Hindu act!
14. The just mentioned bounds were self-imposed for overall
good at that time, our leaders (of that time) lost focus of GITA - The
preachings of GITA were applied OUT OF CONTEXT.
15. Gita while
speaking on Caste system says - it was created TO SUSTAIN THE SOCIETY ON THE
PRINCIPAL OF GUN KARMA VIBHAGASHAHA (चातुर्वर्ण्यं मया सृष्टं गुणकर्मविभागशः। अध्याय ४:१२)
- That means the castes are according to the GUN - Mental Bend of Mind (Satvik,
Rajas, Tamas) and KARMA - The skill he has and the work he does. It never said
it should be hereditary! Applying this every society in the world is divided in
these four divisions!.
16. While speaking on treatment to others GITA says (including
enemy) it says देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्विकं स्मृतम्। अध्याय १७.२० Translated
it says, the treatment depends on the context of place, time and person. The treatment should be
different for different times, different places and for different persons i.e.
for different situations. Actually so much liberty this religion had given to
its people but we concurred a wrong meaning and instead of becoming more
liberal became rigid.
In the zest to follow GITA, these two (गुणकर्मविभागशः and पात्रापात्रविवेक) important
aspects were lost!
17. Alexander, Shak, Hun, Kushans invaded
us but never had any agenda to convert the religion. Muslims had a specific
agenda to Convert, to desecrate the symbols of our sentiments (मुर्तीभंजक, बुतशिखान). Again धर्मांतर याने राष्ट्रांतर.
18. Tamil is
the oldest Classical language in the world (proto Dravidian languages), and Sanskrit was the
oldest Language in Indo Europeon languages. Both have antiquity of 2 millenium
BC. Latin was the only language as old as Sanskrit and Tamil.
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cd
I have made the Indian history ‘panoramic view’ for today’s computer
enabled generation in an abridged manner just to create interest in the
reader. More information and knowledge could be gathered from other
sources. I think Gen Next should go
through this small document in their spare time. At a glance it gives the
panoramic view about our history.
ba
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MOURYAN EMPIRE IN 300 BC
COURTESY: WIKIPEDIA
MARATHA EMPIRE IN 1758
COURTESY: WIKIPEDIA
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Year
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History
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327 BC
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Alexander
invaded Bharatvarsh. At that time Puru (Pourous), and other Aryavarta Kings
resisted him. There were no nations by name
england, france, germany. Only Aryavarta, China, Greek nations, Saxo German
were existing. Alexander (Son of Phillip) could go upto Vyas (Beas) river after crossing Sindhu (Indus) river.
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325 BC
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Alexander
went back to Iran.
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323 BC
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Death of Alexander.
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321 BC
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Chandragupta maurya became
ruler, with Chanakya united whole of Bharat into a big strong progressive
Bharatvarsha. He was son of Mura and
Dhananand (king of Magadh). Mura was from Shakya tribe. Following Hindu Kings
fought with Alexander - Saubhuti and Kath near panchnad, while going back
malav, magasa, agrashreni and
shudra and Pouras (got defeated by
Alexander).
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315 BC
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Selucus invaded Bharat. That time
Chandragupta and Chanakya had unified North India and defeated Selucus.
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298 BC
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Death of Chandragupta.
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298 BC
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Bindusar son of Chandragupta unified
Bharat under him. Even most of South India.
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273 BC
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Death of Bindusar.
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273 BC
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Ashoka Son of Bindusar, kept most of
the Bharatvarsh under his rule as a unified nation. Later part of his life he
turned Budhist and devoted his entire life as a Budhist and propagating
Budhist religion. He propagated Buddhist religion
on Vedic religion by force. Made india vulnerable because of his extreme Ahimsa
(अहिंसा) principles.
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232 BC
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Death of Ashoka.
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222 BC
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Damatrius of Bactria, invades
Bharatvarsha. That time most of North India was under the influence of
Budhists and could not resist the invader. King Khargole of Kalinga kingdom
(Odissa) fights. He is not from Budhist school of thought and knew the limits
of Ahimsa.
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215 BC
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Miniander near Kamboj (in Persia now
in Iran) invades India. Very less resistance by Budhist kings.
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184 BC
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Pushyamitra, a
soldier from Bruhadrath Mourya army, he took away kingdom from Bruhadrath who
was ineffective. Unifies the country, builds Bharatvarsh and drives the Greek
out, dies in 149 BC.
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20 BC -50 AD
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Shak tribe invades Greeks and Balhic
nations. Many Greeks come to Bharatvarsha now for protection and remain here
by becoming Hindus and Bhudsists.
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70 AD
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Andhra (Satavahanas) and
Malav from Madhyabharat gave fitting reply. They went till Gujrat and
Rajasthan and freed that area from Shaks. Malavs killed Shaks and their king
Nahapan! Bharatvarsh fought for 100 yrs. Rest of India was more or less under
budha dharma and was not in position to give a fitting reply because of
extreme Ahimsak principles. On the victory a new Samvat was created
and called as Vikram samvat or Shak (but it is a grey area – whether this is
Vikram Shak or later when Vikramaditya fought with Kushans). The Shalivahana era, also known as the
Saka era, is used with Hindu calendars, the Indian national calendar, and the
Cambodian Buddhist calendar. Its year zero begins near the vernal equinox of
the year 78.[from Wikipedia - Thanks]. Western Kshatrapas (35–405 BC) were
Saka rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern
Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). They were successors to the
Indo-Scythians who invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era
(with Saka calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western
Satraps kingdom.
The Satavahana king (the
king titled as Shalivahana is Gautamiputra Satakarni) is credited with the
initiation of the era known as Shalivahana Saka to celebrate his victory against
the Sakas in the year 78 CE. Prior to this, in 56 BCE Vikrama Samvat era was
founded by the emperor Vikramaditya of Ujjain in a similar fashion following
his victory over the Sakas.
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80 AD - 120 AD
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Kushans, Vima Kadphisis
and kanishk (Kushan King) invades Bharat When Kanishk invaded Bharat, he
conquered Gujrat, /Rajasthan and came to Narmada but in South Satavahanas.
The dynasty of Satavahanas lasted for around 450 years and was too strong so
Kanishka went towards Himalaya, where he was attacked by China. Kanishk
defeated Chinese army and took Chaskand, Khotan and Kashgar. Kanishk becomes
Budhist later his empire comes to an end.
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300 BC
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Samudragupt and then
Chandragupta (Gupta Dynasty) who was later named as Vikramaditya fights
Kushans. Kushans were finished and Vikramaditya also defeated remains of
Shaks by defeating Shak king Rudrasen from Gujrat, Sindh, Kahiyawad and
established near free Bharat again. He called himself Vikramaditya and
started a Samvat called Vikramaditya (?). Around 350 BC Shalivahan Dynasty
ended.
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450 AD – 550 AD
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Hoon tibe from Central Asia invades.
Kumargupta and then Skandagupta resist the invasion. First
invasion was defeated. In second invasion Skandagupta dies, and Hoon's
Mihirgul comes upto Ujjaini. Yashodharma a Marshal from Gupt dynasty takes
over the reins and waged war by
unifying all Hindu kings and defeats Mihirgul king of Hoon. This became the
end of Hoon invasion. Hindu empire again enlarged upto Khotan, Afghanistan,
Kashmir, Gilgit and towards north east. Some Hoons which remaind in Bharat
lost their identity and became Hindus. The Gurjar clan from Haryana are said
to be the Hoons who got assimilated in this nation.
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570 AD
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Birth of Muhammad Prophet.
Arabs, Mongal, Turq tribes were there earlier but still did not become
Musalman. Around 500 AD - 600 AD, in Bengal, Dynasties of Pal, Sen, and
Burman mushroom.
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711 AD
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Muhamad Kasim Invades Bharat. Muhamad
Kasim defeated King Dahir, a Hindu king near
Panchnad (punjab / sindh). As usual Buddhist were not there on the scene,
either they became Muslims or simply vanished to other countries. These mass
conversions of Buddhist (or rather mass embracing of Muslim religion by
Budhist because of fear) is the reason for the decline of Budhism from India.
Although this religion started in Bharatvarsha, it became a minority religion
here. Many Budhist in East Bengal became Muslims as a result of fear. This
why we see Muslim concentration in East Bengal (later Bangladesh!). Many
Budhists from Bihar (Vihar) went towards eastern countries.
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700 AD- 1000 AD
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In these years Muslims invaded other
countries. Gibralter, North Africa, Portugal,
Spain, South France. Many nations such as Egypt, was converted to Muslim
countries i.e. their identity was lost forever. Till that time Muslim
invasion in Bharat was limited to Sindh where kings like Jaypal and later his
son Anagpal kept fighting although lost many times they did not
surrender. AFTER MUHAMAD KASIM,
BHARAT ENJOYED 300 YRS OF HINDU RULE.
In South India, Pallavas ruled. Kanchipuram was their capital.
They were defeated by Choules and then Rashtrakut dynasty started. Rashtrakut
took Gujrath, Madhya Bharat (verul and kailas caves in Maharashtra are from
this period - around 900 AD). Shankaracharya in 750 AD (from Kaladi) from
Kerala, changed the course of Hindu dharma and tried to galvanise it again.
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1026 AD
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Muhamad Gazni invades Bharat. Gazni
came from Sindh to Somnath and plundered and
destroyed the Somnath mandir. Gazini died in 1030. Earlier invasions by
Alexander, Greeks, Shak, Hoon, Kushan
were different from Muslim invasions. They invaded but never tried to convert
the religion and therefore once they were defeated either they were
assimilated in by Hindu religion or went to their countries back. But Muslim
invasions had a different agenda. They invaded to rule and also started mass,
forced conversions. Bharat was not prepared for that. Bharat that time was
engulfed in its internal dictat of not to reconvert, to not to cross Sindhu
river and a class system, started giving a weak defence. Hindus converted to
Muslims were not reconverted, also when we used to win the lost territories
by defeating Muslim invaders, never took revenge on Muslims. Never plundered
them (like Spain and other Europeon countries) as a bargain Muslim population
started rising in Bharat. This was a legacy from Budhism. Remember Dharmantar
is Rahstrantar. धर्मान्तर से राष्ट्रान्तर।. In South
India that time from 10th century,
Pandya from Madurai, Chowl from Tanjawar were major dynasties. After Gazni
died in 1030 again for next approx 150 yrs Bharat was unified as a loose
confederation of Hindu kingdoms. With a unifying thread of Hindutva or
Hinduism.
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1176 AD
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Muhamad Ghori invades Bharat. Invaded Panchanad, but was defeated near Uuch mountain.
Around that time Turks and Mongals started becoming Muslims in religion. Around 1063 AD Karnaraj dynasty ruled Gujrath and he
created its capital as Karnavati, which was there till 1400 AD. In 1412 AD
Ahemedshah defeated Karnaraj dynasty and changed Karnavati to Ahemedabad,
again to his liking! Now when the chorus is there to revert back to original name,
there is equal pressure from our own people why this.
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1191 AD
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Muhamad Ghori again
invades Bharat. Gets defeated at the hands of brave Prithviraj Chouhan. Unfortunately due to Sadgunvikruti (सद्गूणविकृती - extreme use of good virtues like forgiving the
enemy, without taking into consideration its appropriateness to the
situation) he let Ghori free! Ghori flees back. Bharat’s down fall starts.
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1193 AD
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Muhamad Ghori forgets how
large hearted Prithviraj Chouhan’s gesture because his agenda was to conquer.
King of Kanauj Raja Jaychand (Historically documented first known anti
national (गद्दार)) assisted Ghori against Pritviraj Chouhan! Prithviraj Chouhan
defeated by Muhamad Ghori.
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1195 AD
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Muhamad Ghori again
invades Bharat! This time invades Raja Jayachand (who had done an
antinational act of assisting Muhamad Ghori against Prithviraj Chouhan) and
plunders Delhi. This is the reason why we should study history so that we
don’t repeat our mistakes. Otherwise history has the habit of repeating itself!
This kept happening in Bharat. In this campaign of Muhamad Ghori, Qutubuddin
assisted Ghori as a Sardar. Ghori went back to Gazni, along with Pritviraj in
captivity. Prithviraj Chouhan is taken to Gazni (in Persia), and there he was
tortured and his eyes were taken out by Muhamad Ghoris men. Here is the
famous story of blind Pritviraj Chouhan in captivity kills Ghori by aiming at
him when Ghori shouts at Pritviraj Chouhan. The story is very gripping and
purposefully it is not given here, and I urge children to read it from net or
from comic books of AMAR CHITRA KATHA. After Ghoris death Qutubuddin
proclaimed sultan of Delhi. Qutubuddin converted Vishnu stambh (constructed
by Samudragupt) and later renovated by Pritviraj Chouhan as Prithvistambh to
Qutubminar. Today also one can see tell-tale signs of Hindu temple and he
destroyed hindu deities. Even Iron Pillar has sanskrit carvings on it and
symbols of Vishnu and Shankh. One can see them today also.
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Till 1226 AD
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Qutubudin proclaims
himself as Sultan of Delhi. Rules Delhi till 1210 AD. 1210 AD Qutubudding
dies. There was no one to take over from Qutubuddin that time his daughter
Razia claims the throne but got engaged to a slave called Jallauddin ,
thereafter because Turks did not like her engagement with Jallaudin, one Turk
Sardar Altunia tried to kill them, Razia tries to influence Altunia but
Altunia kills Razia and Jalaluddin. This story was made as Razia Sultan
movie! Around this time till 1200 AD, elsewhere in South India there was
stability and progress. Marco polo traveller visited Pandya dynasty durbar
and has given detailed description of the cultural advancement and richness
of India. After Gaznis invasion there was instability for 50 - 60 yrs but
then whole of South Bharat was invasion free. The compositions of Nammalvar,
the great Vaishnavite saint, in praise of Sree Maha Vishnu of this city,
prove beyond doubt that Padmanabhasamy Temple existed in the ninth century.
In the year 1050A.D, the Temple was reconstructed and the management
re-organized by the then ruler.
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1226 AD
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Bulban becomes Sultan of Delhi. Turks
and Mongals enter the scene.
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1286 AD – End of 1300 AD
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Death of Bulban and Jalaluddin Khilji
a Mongal becomes Sultan of Delhi in 1290 AD. Son of Jalaluddin, Allaudin
starts South campaign. 1294 AD he invades Devgiri,
King Ramdevrai was ruling it. Till this time (1400 AD) South Bharat was free
from invasions history should take this fact into consideration. Various
Hindu dynastis as Chol, Chel, Kalinga, Pandya, Rashtrakut, Andhra all had stable
kingdoms. This fact is not told to our Indians mostly Gen Next plainly
Indians are not aware of it. What is fed to them is just history of slavery,
defeat by giving chronology of invasions. In between stable years (centuries)
are not stressed and told to them. In fact these years are significant and
periods of 150 yrs (or easily more than 8 - 9 generations of stability is
good enough). One should see in that perspective. Our independent India is
just 60+ years old!
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1296 AD
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Allaudin becomes Sultan after killing
his father Jalluding (a common thread in Muslim leadership which can be seen
today also seen in Pakistan). Allauding invades Sourashtra and Rantambhore kingdoms in 1301 AD.
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1308 AD
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Mallick Kafur a young
Hindu boy (which was taken forcibly by Allaudin Khilji during his Gujrath
campaign because he liked him, converts him and became his loyal sardar and
invades Maharashtra and Mysore (Hoysala kings ruled Mysore that time).
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Apr 1320
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Khusro Khan he as Sultan
(Like Mallik Kafur was forcibly taken from a Hindu family and converted to
Muslim), but when he became Sultan he proclaimed -“ as he was made a Muslim forcibly now he
is again converting himself to Hindu and this whole Muslim
Sultanat has become Hindu
Sultanat”. This is never told in our history. This was Sultanat was there for
one year. But Ghiyasuddin Tuglaq killed Khusrokhan by year end and again that
spark of Hindu kingdom died and became a Muslim kingdom.
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1321 AD
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Ghiyasuddin Tuglaq – Sultan of Delhi.
After Ghiyasudding his son Muhamad Tuglaq became Sultan of Delhi. He was whimsical Sultan. He was instrumental in
changing name of Devgiri to Daulatabad and made it
the capitol instead of Delhi! Just when the Capitol was being changed at a
huge cost, he changed his mind and again changed the capitol from Daulatabad
to Delhi.
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1336 AD
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Now in South, Muslim
Sardar Bahamani revolted against Delhi Sultan and he declared himself Sultan
of South India and established Bahamani kingdom. Krishnadevrai - A Hindu
kingdom emerges in South India. After muhamad tughlaq (1351 death), Firozshah
Tughlaq became Sultan – as a weak Sultan he acknowledged Bahamani kingdom and
Krishnadevrai kingdom. 1374 AD
Krishnadevrai kingdom king of Krishnadevrai dynasty Harihar and Bukk defeated
Bahamani king (at Gulbarga).
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1388 AD
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Death of Firozshah Tughlaq.
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1397 AD
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Taimurlang a Tuqi invaded
after crossing Sindhu River. He conqured upto Haridwar, Shivalic mountains.
At that time only Rajput kings were resisting Muslims but most of them used
to get defeated because we were divided.
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1400 AD
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Sayyad became Sultan of Delhi.
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1488 – 1517 AD
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Lodhis became (Turqi) Sultan of Delhi.
In 1517 AD Sikander Lodhi became Sultan of Lodhi. Muslims say Sikander is
their name and therefore Alexander was Muslim! Now during Alexander’s period Muslim religion was not
existed. In Persia people used to call Alexander as Sikander, and these
greeks settled in Persia used to cristian their sons name as Sikander. After
many generations when Muslims overpowered Persia and converted the Greeks
there to Muslim religion, the tradition of using Sikander as a popular name
continued in Muslim religion and they adopted it as their name. A very
staunch Hindu nationalist Rana Sanga resisted these
Mongals all through out his life.
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1526 AD
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Ibrahim Lodi became Sultan of Delhi.
Rana Sanga (Chitod King) defeated Ibrahim lodhi.
Chitod king Sanga finished Muslim Kingdom. That time Daulat Lodhi a Sardar
from Lahore, invited Babar from Afghanisthan to help the Muslim Sultanat.
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1530 AD
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But while fighting Rana
Sanga was killed and here strong Rajput resistance finished. Babur became
Badshaha (Mongal) of Delhi, Died in 1530 AD. He true to Muslim tradition
desecrated, demolished Ayodhya temple and converted it into symbol of Mongal
victory as Babri Mashid. The main contention is this Somebody comes from
outside Bharat demolishes a sentimental monument here and converts it into
some other thing. As a nation is a blot. It is akin to Osama (from Afghanisthan
(history repeats!) ) desecrating and
demolishes WTC a pride and symbol of economic strength of America. America
was not like Bharat having extreme अहींसा,
they retaliated and finished their Babar aka. Osama. Here we went to court!
Had it been India and if we would not have studied history we could have
ended up creating a Muslim monument at the place of WTC!. This is why we
should study History and learn from our mistakes and remain ever vigilant. British, French, Dutch, Portugese started coming to Indian
shores. We were still sleeping chanting अतिथी देवो भवः।
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1550 – 1600
AD
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Bahamani kingdome splits -
Adilshaha (Bijapur), Qutubshah (Golconda), Imadshahi (Varahd), Nizamshah
(Ahemadnagar), Bidarshah (Bidar). Son of a telangi Brahmin (Like Malik Kafur
and Khusro was converted to Islam when they were young) was Imadshaha, and
Nizamshaha was son of Timmapa Bahiru these were captured Hindu sons during
war and as per Muslims now well known strategy, converted them to muslim
religion and now they became enemies of our nation. But Krishnadev rai
dynasty, Vijaynagar kingdom was strong
rich and influential and they kept all these Muslim kingdoms at bay, it ended
when Nizamshah defeated the king in 1564 AD Talikot war. In Delhi, Humayun
became Badshaha, soon Shersingh dethroned him, thereafter Adilshah became
Badshah. Later Humaun 1542 AD (Son Akbar) again came from Iran and dethroned
Adilshah and became Badshah. Humaun
died in 1556 AD. Adilshah had kept Hemu (Hindu as his vazir).
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1510 – 1540 AD
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Albuquarq from Portugal,
took Goa from Bijapur Adilshaha. And started conversions to Christianity, we
remain dumb, we did not learn from History! With Xaviers and Albuqarq
brutalities can be read in their own ‘Cs Hindus De Goa Republica Portuguesa,
by their own Doctor Potonio Noronhua.
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1560 AD
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There in Delhi Akbar becomes Badshaha.
Hemu (Remember? Adilshah kept him as his Vazir?)
Revolted against Muslim Sultanat and declared himself Badshah. Bahiramkhan
was care taker at that time of 12 yr old Akbar. He fought with Hemu at Panipat,
Hemu was winning but fell at the last moment and lost thereafter. Sad day for
Hindu kingdom.
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1564 AD
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Akbar defeated Gondwan
king, 1567 AD, Akbar defeated Chitod (Rana Sanga son Udaisingh. Remember with
every Rajput king, there was lot of resistance before giving up by Rajputs.
When they fell Akbar went in Chitod and he and his army killed 30,000 rajputs
and their Wifes! And still we say that Akbar was good. Names roads after him
(In Delhi there is a prominent road called Akbar road) Still we say that
Akbar was Muslim Ramraja! Everything was destroyed by him, but son of
Udaisingh, Rana Pratap, again started to build the army for getting even with
Akbar and for Chitod. Ranapratap
almost killed Salim (son of Akbar) in famous HaldiGhati war. Till his death
in 1581 AD he kept fighting with Monghals.
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End of 1500 AD
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Guru Nanak established Sikh Panth.
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1630 AD
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Birth of Shivaji. Shivaji by his Guerrila warfare created a kingdom devoid
of Muslims in Maharashtra. This was then expanded by Peshwas all over. The
policy changed hereafter. It was never DEFENCE but the policy was to go in
for an aggresion!. Slowly Arabs, Turks, Mongal invaders from across Himalayas
stopped invading and Shivaji concentrated in creating Hindupatpatshahi - that
is to establish Hindu Kingdom against the Muslim original invaders including
the Delhi Sultanat. With the collective will of Hindus the tide against
Bharat turned. Earlier even with other brave Hindu kings victory was always
elusive to Hindus against the Muslims, not with Shivaji, as if the collective
will prevailed, as if everything came together, from the day he started the
campaign victory always blessed him.
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1739 AD
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Nadirshah invades Bharat
and destroys Mongal Badshahi in Delhi. Becomes new ruler of Delhi.
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1747 AD
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Abdalli becomes Badshaha of Kabul. Abdalli conquers Lahore. Till 1758 he invades three times
and gets defeated at the hands of Marathas. 1758 Raghunathrao of Marathas
goes beyond Attok, and Maratha empire conquers Lahore.
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1758 AD
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At the pinnacle of its
reign, the Maratha Empire governed most parts of the contemporary
Subcontinent of India (Pakistan, Republic of India, and Bangladesh together
with neighbouring Afghanistan and Nepal). Other than conquering different
areas, they kept many contributories that were restricted by contract to give
a particular sum of tax every year, named as “Chauth” (chauth means out of
their income, 1/4th to be given to Maratha empire). Besides
seizing the entire Mughal Kingdom, the dynasty overpowered the Mysore
Sultanate which was led by Tipu Sultan and Hyder Ali, Nawab of Bengal, Nawab
of Oudh, Nawab of Arcot and Nizam of Hyderabad and also the Polygar empires
which ruled in the southern part of the country. They forcibly collected
chauth from Oudh, Delhi, Bihar, Bengal, Punjab, Orissa, Mysore, Hyderabad,
Rajput provinces and Uttar Pradesh. The dynasty of the Maratha rulers
stretched its territory till the frontiers of Afghanistan in 1758. The army
of this empire overpowered the Afghan military in the contemporary province
of Kashmir and Pakistan. The supreme commander of the Afghan forces was Timur
Shah, who was Ahmad Shah Durrani’s son. The number of warriors in the Afghan
army was approximately 25,000-30,000. The
Maratha soldiers slaughtered and plundered thousands of Afghan warriors in
the month of April 1758, and took over Multan, Lahore, Attock in the Punjab
province, Peshawar, and Kashmir. Safdarjung, the Nawab of Oudh, urged the
Maratha rulers in 1752 to assist him in conquering Afghani Rohilla. In the
same year, they departed from Poona and overwhelmed Afghan Rohilla, seizing
the entire territory of Rohilkhand (contemporary northwestern part of Uttar
Pradesh). After Lahore when Marathas were coming back to Maharashtra because
of Sadgunvikruti (सद्गूणविकृती)
they did not take revenge on Muslims. They did not convert them to Hindus. They did not
desecrate or demolish their mosques. A golden opportunity was lost. Same
thing happened when they defeated Tipu Sultan, they did not take back the
converted Hindus (to muslims) back to Hindu fold because of that time धर्मबंध. They did not do any of
this kind. This was one good opportunity to correct the wrong.
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1800 – 1820 AD
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Maharaja Ranjit Singh
almost freed whole of Punjab till Kashmir from Monghals. Till 1400 AD Kashmir
was ruled by Hindu kings. After advent of Mongals they ruled till Maharaja
Ranjit Singh freed (not whole of Kashmir). Aurangzeb the cruelest of all (Son
of Jahangir) became Badshah. He imposed Ziziya tax, he desecrated our
temples, he killed many Hindus who refused to become muslims. Very
unfortunate that one of the prominent road in Delhi is named after him and
the one who established Hindu patpatshahi, Shivaji’s name is not there in
Delhi, no wonder after generations people will remember Aurangzeb as the
Sultan of India and will forget Shivaji. That is if correct history is not
taught to Gen Next.
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1857 AD
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The Great revolution for Independence
- 1857. १८५७ का स्वातंत्र्यसमर. Again these
British and some Indian historians try to brush off this as Sepoy Mutiny, I
will write sometime afterwards about it more. For British administration it
was convenient to brush it off saying it was Sepoy Mutiny but after
independence our historians should have corrected and atleast acknowledge it
as the first great revolution for our independence.
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1947
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Independent India.
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2012
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65 years of freedom.
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Some Snippets (All references in these snippets are taken
from Wikipedia! I acknowledge it here. You can yourself ponder on our antiquity)
Languages
History of English
Language: The history of the English language really
started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain during
the 5th century AD (Sanskrit, Tamil developed 3000 years before it). These
tribes, the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, crossed the North Sea from what
today is Denmark and northern Germany. At that time the inhabitants of Britain
spoke a Celtic language. But most of the Celtic speakers were pushed west and
north by the invaders - mainly into what is now Wales, Scotland and Ireland.
The Angles came from "Englaland" and their language was called
"Englisc" - from which the words "England" and
"English" are derived. Later by 11th century Latin had more influence
than Greek language on English Lexicon.
History
of Greek Language: Greek has been spoken in the
Balkan Peninsula since around the late 3rd millennium BC (Antiquity of Sanskrit
and Tamil is as good as Greek). The earliest written evidence is found in the
Linear B clay tablets in the "Room of the Chariot Tablets", an LMIII
A-context (c. 1400 BC) region of Knossos, in Crete, making Greek the world's
oldest recorded living language (Not Sanskrit of Tamil because in Aryavarta,
Bharatvarsha we used to recite not write!). Among the Indo-European languages,
its date of earliest written attestation is matched only by the now extinct
Anatolian languages.
History
of Latin Language: Latin is a member of the broad
family of Italic languages. Its alphabet, the Latin alphabet, emerged from the
Old Italic alphabets, which in turn were derived
from the Greek and Phoenician scripts. Historical Latin
came from the prehistoric language of the Latium region, specifically around
the River Tiber, where Roman civilization first developed. How and when Latin
came to be spoken by the Romans are questions that have long been debated.
Various influences on Latin of Celtic dialects in northern Italy, the
non-Indo-European Etruscan language in Central Italy, and the Greek of southern
Italy have been detected, but when these influences entered the native Latin is
not known for certain.
History
of Sanskrit Language: Sanskrit is a member of the
Indo-Iranian sub-family of the Indo-European family of languages. Its closest
ancient relatives are the Iranian languages Old Persian and Avestan. In order
to explain the common features shared by Sanskrit and other Indo-European
languages, many scholars have proposed migration hypotheses asserting that the
original speakers of what became Sanskrit arrived in what is now India and
Pakistan from the north-west some time during the early second millennium BC. Evidence
for such a theory includes the close relationship of the Indo-Iranian tongues
with the Baltic and Slavic languages, vocabulary exchange with the
non-Indo-European Uralic languages, and the nature of the attested
Indo-European words for flora and fauna.
History
of Tamil Language: As a Dravidian language, Tamil
descends from Proto-Dravidian. Linguistic reconstruction suggests that
Proto-Dravidian was spoken around the third millennium BC, possibly in the
region around the lower Godavari river basin in peninsular India. The material
evidence suggests that the speakers of Proto-Dravidian were the culture
associated with the Neolithic complexes of South India. The next phase in the
reconstructed proto-history of Tamil is Proto-South Dravidian. The linguistic
evidence suggests that Proto-South Dravidian was spoken around the middle of
the second millennium BC, and that proto-Tamil emerged around the 3rd century
BC. The earliest epigraphic attestations of Tamil are generally taken to have
been written shortly thereafter. Among Indian languages, Tamil has the most
ancient non-Sanskritised Indian literature. Tamil is one of the longest
surviving classical languages in the world. It has been described as "the
only language of contemporary India which is recognizably continuous with a
classical past" and having "one of the richest literatures in the
world". Tamil literature has existed for over 2000 years. The earliest
epigraphic records found on rock edicts and hero stones date from around the
3rd century BC. The earliest period of Tamil literature, Sangam literature, is
dated from ca. 300 BC – 300 AD.
HISTORY
OF OTHER NATIONS – Before 350 BC there were no
notable invasions and the civilizations were forming.
History
of England: In AD 43 the Roman conquest of Britain began; the Romans
maintained control of their province of Britannia through to the 5th
century. The end of Roman rule in
Britain enabled the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, which is often regarded
as the origin of England and the English people. The Anglo-Saxons, a collection
of various Germanic peoples, established several kingdoms that became the
primary powers in what is now England and parts of southern Scotland. They
introduced the Old English language, which displaced the previous British
language. The Anglo-Saxons warred with British successor states in Wales,
Cornwall, and the Hen Ogledd (Old North; the Brythonic-speaking parts of
northern England and southern Scotland), as well as with each other. Raids by
the Vikings were frequent after about AD 800, and the Norsemen took control of
large parts of what is now England. During this period several rulers attempted
to unite the various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, an effort that led to the emergence
of the Kingdom of England by the 10th century.
History
of India: From 327 BC
to 2012 AD for 2340 years of history, around 800 years were free, 800 years we
were at war with various invaders and around 800 years we were under the rule
of foreign invaders. At the same time South India was almost free, stable and
progressing for 1400 years. There are many countries who have same pattern,
England France were at war for over 1000 years! Some countries like Egypt and Middle
East gave up and lost their identity. Some countries like Spain fought and when
they won, finished the Muslim invaders and all their signs of victory were
demolished. Therefore Spain is still free and without any sign of being ruled
left in that country.
History
of Russia: The history of Russia begins with that of the Eastern
Slavs and the Finno-Ugric peoples. The first united East Slavic state, was
founded by Rurik's successor Oleg of Novgorod in 882. The state adopted
Christianity from the Byzantine Empire in 988,beginning the synthesis of Byzantine
and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Kievan
Rus' ultimately disintegrated as a state because of the Mongol invasion of Rus'
in 1237–1240. During that time a number of regional magnates, in particular
Novgorod and Pskov, fought to inherit the cultural and political legacy of
Kievan Rus'. After the 13th century, Moscow came to dominate the former
cultural center. By the 18th century, the Tsardom of Russia had become the huge
Russian Empire, stretching from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth eastward to
the Pacific Ocean.
History of America: The history of the United States as
covered in American schools and universities typically begins with either
Christopher Columbus's 1492 voyage to the Americas or with the prehistory of
the Native peoples, with the latter approach having become increasingly common
in recent decades. Indigenous populations lived in what is now the United
States before European colonists began to arrive, mostly from England, after
1600. By the 1770s, thirteen British colonies contained two and a half million
people. They were prosperous and growing rapidly, and had developed their own
autonomous political and legal systems. The British Parliament asserted its
authority over these colonies by imposing new taxes, which the Americans
insisted were unconstitutional because they were not represented in Parliament.
Growing conflicts turned into full-fledged war beginning in April 1775. On July
4, 1776, the colonies declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain
and became the United States of America. The identity of original
inhabitants were lost.
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South
India free for 1400 years
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800
years Free
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800 years At War
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800 yrs Under Invaders
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2340 Years from 327 BC to 2012 AD
Some
Interesting Names…
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Present Name
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Names during Bharatvarsh
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Afghanisthan
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Ahigansthan
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Kabul river
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kubha nadi
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Yavan
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Yayati son anu (Yavan from corrupt form of..)
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Alexander
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Sikander in Persian
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Jhelam River
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Vitasta nadi
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Jeuz
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Diu (corrupt form)
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Port
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Pattanprasth
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Atom Bomb
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Kaal Dhwam (This is new suggested word in Hindi)
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Swat region
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Suvastu
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Gumal
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Gomati
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Peshavar
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Purushpur
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Punjab / Sindh
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Panchnad (five rivers). Earlier in Puranas Saptasindhu (seven
rivers amongst it one was Saraswati) got corrupted to HaptaHindu and people
living this side of Sindu got the name of Hindu, because we were one of the
strongest and modern civilization so people used to talk about us!
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Gibralter
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Jabel E Tarik
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Bay of Bengal
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Gangasagar
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Arabian sea
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Sindhusagar
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Great Trunk Road (GT Road)
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Uttarpath
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Writing
of Magasthenes: Such was the kingdom of
Chandragupta that Megasthenes was permanent Ambassador to him (from Greece). He
writes - At the beginning of his Indica, he refers to the older Indians who know
about the prehistoric arrival of Dionysus and Hercules in India, which was a
story very popular amongst the Greeks during the Alexandrian period.
Particularly important are his comments on the religions of the Indians. He
mentions the devotees of Heracles (Lord Krishna) and Dionysus (Lord Shiva or
King Lord Indra), but he does not mention Buddhists, something that gives
support to the theory that the latter religion was not widely known before the
reign of Ashoka. His Indica served as an important source for many later
writers such as Strabo and Arrian. He describes such features as the Himalayas
and the island of Sri Lanka. He also describes a caste system different from
the one that exists today, which shows that the caste system may to some extent
be fluid and evolves.
Shak,
Hoon, Kushan Tribes: When they came, even Europe, China
also went through cycles of invasions, not only Bharatvarsh. China went through
Hoon invasions and therefore to protect themselves erected The Great Wall of
China. Hoon invaded Europeon Russia, Poland and Gaath, Roman empire.
Alexander
during his Pursuit: Conquered Syria, Egypt, most of
that time Europe, Bactria, Greece, Persia (Iran), Babylon etc.
From
Here Where We GO? Now we know who we are. We know
our strengths. We know our weakness. We are an independent nation. We must
secure what we have. We must protect what is left with us. We must progress. We
must develop our nation. For this to happen, we have to study our history and
be vigilant. In the frame work of secularism, we must strive to achieve next
level. We must have one thought. A thought that is above religion, a
thought which will make our nation strong and progressive, a thread which will
bind all of us, a fabric which has threads of the religion well woven binding
us all. Each and every one of us should subjugate ourselves to our nation’s
interests and goals. We cannot change certain things, so make peace with our
history, accept and move ahead, without forgetting our victories, our failures,
our mistakes and our history. Our task is cut. The first step is to secure our
boundaries (which is not done till now) as these are the weak links in our
Armour, or we can say chinks in the armour. Arrest infiltration and be firm
with our neighbours. Remember we exist because our Nation exists. Otherwise our
identity would be lost like other countries that have lost their identity years
back. Our ideal should be one religion of humanity and one nation that is
earth, but this is a distant dream. Till such time the concept of religions and
nations are there we must preserve our identity. May be, after few centuries
our civilization will be ready to accept earth as our nation and humanity as our
religion.
Authors Referred:
Plutarch, Jayaswal (Hindu Polity), Vincent Smith (Early History of India),
Justin, Megasthenes account, Gibbon, Riyasatkar Sardesai and from net.
WE ARE NOT A NATION OF DEFEAT, SUBJUGATION OR AT THE RECEIVING END OF
OUR INVADERS. GREAT NATIONS ALWAYS GO THROUGH THIS CYCLE OF INVASIONS, IT IS
NOT HOW MANY TIMES WE WERE INVADED BUT IT IS HOW WE CAME OUT OF IT. THERE ARE
MANY COUNTRIES WHICH WERE ERASED FROM THE MAP OF THE WORLD BY INVASIONS OR IF
THEY STILL EXISTS ON THE MAP, THEIR CULTURE, THEIR RELIGION WAS CHANGED
PERMANENTLY THAT MEANS THEIR IDENTITY WAS CHANGED…… NOT OURS, OUR IDENTITY
IS INTACT……. BUT, AS USUAL … CONDITIONS APPLY……………..
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